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John
Perceval (1923 - 2000)
John Perceval has played a major role in the
Antipodean group in the late 1950s in Melbourne and
in
1959 he signed the Antipodean Manifesto which determined the
shape of Australian contemporary art.
Antipodean group reacted strongly against the promoters of
non-figurative painting who followed the trends in the United
States and suggested that representational painting was
unfashionable and outdated. In 30 June 2000
Sotheby's
sold John Perceval "Scudding Swans" (Williamstown series) for
$552,500 it was then a record for a living Australian painter.
In March 2002
Dutscher Menzies
sold John Perceval "Sulphur Smoke" for $596,600.
John de Burgh Perceval
AO (1
February
1923 -
15 October
2000) was a well-known
Australian
artist. Perceval was the
last surviving member of a group known as the
Angry Penguins who
redefined Australian art in the 1940s. Other members included
John and Sunday Reed,
Joy Hester,
Sidney Nolan,
Arthur Boyd and
Albert Tucker.
He was born Linwood Robert Steven South at
Bruce Rock,
Western Australia, the
second child of Robert South (a wheat farmer) and Dorothy née
Dolton. His parents separated in 1925 and he remained at his
father’s farm until reunited with his mother in
Melbourne in 1935.
Following the marriage of his mother to William de Burgh
Perceval, he changed his name to John and adopted the surname de
Burgh Perceval.
John Perceval
moved to Melbourne with his mother in 1934 attending a local
boarding school, Trinity Grammar, here he had his first access
to a large library, where the school’s collection of art books
left a profound impact on the teenager. Greatly influenced by
Van Gogh’s famous painting of the same title, Perceval’s first
work
Sunflowers
(1935) captures the essence of Van Gogh’s work but Perceval’s
own flair can be seen in its depth and unique textural
qualities.
In 1938 Perceval contracted
polio and was
hospitalised, giving him the opportunity to further his skills
at drawing and painting.
When he
contracted polio and was confined to a hospital bed, Perceval
spent much of this time developing his skills in drawing and
painting. Although he survived the infection, it seriously
affected his neck muscles, speech patterns and left him with a
permanent limp. These problems continued to give Perceval
constant troubles throughout his life.
Enlisting
in the army in 1941, following the outbreak of war in the
Pacific, Perceval was assigned to the Army Survey Corps when he
was rejected as unfit for military duty.
In the
army Perceval first met and befriended
Arthur Boyd.
During this time he used his drawing skills to become a
draughtsman and soon met other young artists such as
Albert Tucker,
Sidney Nolan and
Arthur Boyd. Becoming a close friend with Boyd, Perceval
later met his sister, Mary whom he married in 1944. His
associations with Boyd also allowed him to be introduced to the
well-known art patrons John and Sunday Reed who helped establish
his name within Australia’s art circles.
After
leaving the army and moving into the Boyd family home at Open
Country,
Murrumbeena, he married
Boyd's younger sister Mary in 1944. Together he and Mary Boyd
produced four children.
From
1943, and the aftermath of the war, Perceval began to produce
joyful religious and genre paintings with richly textured
surfaces. Although he was exhibiting regularly with the
Contemporary Art Society, Perceval held his first one-man show
at the Melbourne Book Club in 1948.
Establishing a pottery workshop at Murrumbeena with Arthur Boyd
and Peter Herbst in 1944, between 1949 and 1955, Perceval turned
to ceramic work and created a series of angel figures. Returning
to painting in 1956, Perceval produced a series of spontaneous
images depicting Williamstown, Gaffney’s Creek and a range of
seascapes.
Perceval held his first solo exhibition at the
Melbourne Book Club in
1948 and showed regularly with the
Contemporary Art Society.
Between 1949 and 1955 he concentrated on producing earthenware
ceramics and helped to establish the
Arthur Merric Boyd Pottery
in Murrumbeena. Returning to painting in 1956 Perceval produced
a series of images of
Williamstown and
Gaffney's Creek.
In 1959,
Perceval became a member of the Antipodeans, a group of
self-taught Australian painters who dramatically changed the
local art scene in the 1940s and 50s. Working alongside Arthur
Boyd, Albert Tucker, Sidney Nolan and
Joy Hester, during his time as an Antipodean Perceval worked
with passionate intensity to put his strong responses to nature
onto canvas. Proving to be one his most creative periods, his
palette and style had matured greatly to show subtle contrasts
in tone and vibrant use of colour. In 1961 he began to receive
wider recognition and was asked to contribute to the renowned
Whitechapel Gallery’s
50
Australian Painters
show in London. His work was also included in the 1962 Rebels
and Precursors in Australia, London’s Tate Gallery in 1963 and
later at Brazil’s Museum of Modern Art.
Moving to England in 1963 Perceval held solo
exhibitions in London, and travelled to Europe, before returning
to Australia in 1965 to take up the first
Australian National University
Creative Fellowship (Australian
National University Creative Fellowship in Canberra).
John Perceval, a major retrospective exhibition, was held at
Albert Hall, Canberra in
1966. Author Margaret Plant's monograph John Perceval,
was published in 1971.
However,
despite his rising success, Perceval was tackling serious health
problems. In 1977 he was admitted to a Melbourne psychiatric
institution where was diagnosed with schizophrenia and spent
nearly ten years of his life.
Although he produced a small number of
crayon sketches during this time, he did not seriously take up
drawing and painting until 1987. Some of the images Perceval
produced after his release from hospital reflect strong elements
of tension and trauma. This can be seen in his works
Jack-in-the-box with rooster lid (1987)
and
Feeding the Seagulls (1988)
which include axe images and distraught faces.
Suffering from
alcoholism and
schizophrenia in 1974
Perceval committed himself to the psychiatric hospital
Larundel, Melbourne,
where he remained until 1981.
After
Perceval left the hospital he began again to produce jubilant
and brilliant paintings with richly textured surfaces which
brought him fame in the 50’s in his early artistic acclaim.
Perceval produced the prestigious Sunflowers series and also
continued his bellowed Williamstown series of paintings.
John Perceval established very strong emotional connection with
Williamstown, a small Melbourne Harbour. Williamstown paintings
formed Perceval first major show in 1956 bringing Perceval an
immediate artistic acclaim and financial success. Perceval early
Williamstown paintings are in the prestigious permanent
collection of the
National Gallery of Victoria
(Melbourne) and the
Heide Art Gallery, Victoria (John and Sunday Reed Collection).
In
1984John
Perceval: A Retrospective Exhibition of Paintings
was held at
Heide Park and Art
Gallery. In 1991 Perceval was awarded Officer of the
Order of Australia (AO),
the year after the
National Gallery of Victoria
organised John Perceval: A Retrospective.
In 2000 Perceval held his
last major retrospective at
Galeria Aniela. Perceval continued with his art until his
death in 2000.
As the last of the
original core of the Antipodeans, his death was considered a
great tragedy.
Prior to his death Scudding Swans (1959)
sold for $552,500, a record for a living Australian painter.
Perceval is survived by his four children, all of whom
Celia Perceval,
Tessa Perceval and Matthew
Perceval are practicing artists today. |